SSH EN 18015:2024

Automotive fuels - Determination of hydrocarbon group types and select hydrocarbon and oxygenate compounds - Gas chromatography with vacuum ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (GC-VUV) method

Scope

This test method is a standard procedure for the determination of saturates, olefins, aromatics and oxygenates in unleaded petrol using gas chromatography and vacuum ultraviolet detection (GC-VUV).
Concentrations of compound classes and certain individual compounds are determined by mass fraction % (m/m) or volume fraction % (V/V). The concentration ranges for which the method is applicable are given in Table 1.
NOTE For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction and the volume fraction, respectively.
This test method has been tested for unleaded petrol according EN 228 [1]; Although specifically developed for the analysis of automotive motor gasoline including those that contain oxygenates this test method applies to other hydrocarbon streams having similar boiling ranges, such as naphthas and reformates.
The method is found to be applicable to petrol containing other oxygenates than indicated in Table 1, such as isopropanol, iso-butanol, tert-butanol, n-propanol, acetone, tert-pentanol and di-isopropyl ether (DIPE), however precision has not been determined.
Table 1 —Application ranges
Compound or group Units Concentration range
Saturates % (V/V) 21,48 to 80,87
Olefins % (V/V) 0,22 to 41,90
Aromatics % (V/V) 2,35 to 64,55
Benzene % (V/V) 0,20 to 2,54
Toluene % (V/V) 0,87 to 30,97
Ethylbenzene % (V/V) 0,20 to 3,45
Xylenes % (V/V) 0,49 to 18,59
Methanol % (V/V) 0,07 to 15,30
Ethanol % (V/V) 0,08 to 24,96
MTBE % (V/V) 0,22 to 22,21
ETBE % (V/V) 0,13 to 23,44
TAME % (V/V) 0,24 to 21,96
TAEE % (V/V) 0,24 to 8,60
Total oxygen content % (m/m) 0,52 to 12,19
Individual hydrocarbon components are typically not baseline-separated by the procedure described in this test method. The coelutions are resolved at the detector using VUV absorbance spectra (Annex A) and deconvolution algorithms.
While this test method reports by mass fraction % (m/m) or volume fraction % (V/V) for several specific components that can be present in unleaded petrol, it does not attempt to speciate all possible components that can occur in unleaded petrol. In particular, this test method is not intended as a type of detailed hydrocarbon analysis (DHA).
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.