DS CWA 18310:2025

Assessment of ecotoxicity in PVD coatings subjected to accelerated ageing

Scope

This CWA defines a methodology for assessing the potential ecotoxicity of coatings developed using Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) technology when applied to metallic substrates and subjected to accelerated ageing conditions.
The procedure is intended to evaluate the release of functional elements, such as copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and zinc (Zn) from PVD coatings under conditions simulating two common environmental exposure scenarios:
a) Repeated surface cleaning using chemical and mechanical actions;
b) Prolonged exposure to humid or wet environments, such as those found in sanitary facilities.
This methodology enables the collection of leachates and their subsequent ecotoxicological evaluation using aquatic toxicity assays. It provides guidance on sample preparation, ageing protocols, leachate collection, and reference to existing toxicological test methods.
The procedure applies to the screening and development of PVD coatings intended for high-touch surfaces, particularly in public, medical, and sanitary environments. It supports compliance with EU environmental and product safety frameworks and aligns Safe and Sustainable by Design (SSbD) principles.
This CWA does not cover the mechanical or antimicrobial performance assessment of PVD coatings, nor does it replace existing ecotoxicity testing standards for soluble chemicals or effluents.